WATER HAMMER
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What is water hammer?………………………………………………………………………………………………………….3
Where Water Hammer Occurs?………………………………………………………………………….5
Conditions causing water hammer……………………………………….……….……………………6 The real force of the flow …………………………………………………………..…………………….8
When Should I Be Concerned …………………………………………………….……………………..9
effects of Water Hammer ……………………………………………………….…………………….10 devices for Protection from Water Hammer ……………………………………………………..12
Dft …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 15 Is water hammer also useful?….………………………………………………………………………16
Inclusions ………………………………………………………………………………………………….17 References……………………………………………………………………………………………………18
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Contents
What is water hammer?
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Introduction
Sound and impact
Damage
Control
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What is Water Hammer?
Water Hammer is a shock wave that is transmitted through the fluid contained in a piping system
A water hammer commonly occurs when a valve closes suddenly at an end of a pipeline system, and a pressure wave propagates in the pipe. It is also called hydraulic shock.
In simple terms, Water Hammer occurs when a fluid in motion is forced to a sudden stop
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Where Water Hammer Occurs?
In any water supply line, hot or cold
Will be more pronounced in biphase systems
Examples of biphase applications are heat exchangers
tracer lines
steam mains
condensate return lines
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Conditions causing
Hydraulic Shock
Thermal Shock
Differential Shock
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what happens at home when a faucet is open?
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The real force of the flow
The actual force of Water Hammer is determined by the flow rate when the fluid stops and the length of time of the flow stoppag
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Where does it happen?
Improper valve selection
Anywhere flow stops or starts quickly
Improper valve location
Poor Maintenance
Pump stations
Air release valves
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Effects of Water Hammer
Damage from water hammer ranges from mild to severe including
Damage to pipes, fittings, and valves, or any connected equipment causing leaks and shortening the life of the system
Bursting of pipes can occur if the pressure is high enough
Rupture fittings
Water hammer can have devastating effects on pump system
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Protection devices?
soft Starters
Slow closing valves
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surge Tanks
Pressure Release Valves
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variable Frequency Devices
Water Hammer Arrestors
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DFT Valves
Properly engineered systems, like those from DFT, reduce or even eliminate the likelihood of Water Hammer
Whatever the cause of your Water Hammer problem is, the experts at DFT valves can offer targeted advice and specialized solutions
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Software AFT IMPULSE
Video preparation
Provide advanced charts and reports
Advanced solubility
Cavitation modeling
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Is water hammer useful?
Possible holes in the pipes
Create a pump called a hydraulic RAM
Neutralize mines
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conclusions
Water hammer can cause severe problems in the system if not designed properly. So at the time of designing of the system potential water hammer problems should be considered for thorough analysis. And proper methods or devices are to be used so as to assure the proper functioning of the system and to lessen the effect of water hammer
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References
Fluid Mechanics with Engineering Applications by Joseph B Franzini & E John Finnemore, The McGraw Hill Companies, 1997
Fluid Mechanics by Victor L Streeter, E Benjamin Wylie and Keith W Bedford, The McGraw Hill Companies, 2010 reprint
KSB Know how, Vol 1 Water hammer, KSB Aktiengesellschaft, Johann-Klein-Straße 9,67227 Frankenthal
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_hammer
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Thanks a lot
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