Smart Card Technology
Future Life………
فهرست
انواع کارت الکترونیک
کارت مغناطیسی
کارت نوری
کارت هوشمند چیست
طبقه بندی کارت هوشمند
ساختار کار
چرا کارت هوشمند
استفاده های کار
مزایا
معایب
Types of electrical Cards:
Magnetics
Optical
smart
Magnetic Stripe Cards
Standard technology for bank cards, driver’s licenses, library cards, and so on……
Optical Cards
Uses a laser to read and write the card
CANPASS Contains:
Photo ID
Fingerprint
What is a Smart Card?
A Smart card is a plastic card about the size of a credit card, with an embedded microchip that can be loaded with data.
The standard definition of a smart card, or integrated circuit card (ICC), is any pocket sized card with embedded integrated circuits.
Based on chip:
Memory cards
Microprocessor cards
Classification of smart cards:
Based on contact:
Contact cards
Contactless cards
combi cards
Memory Cards
Can store:
Financial Info
Personal Info
Specialized Info
Cannot process Info
Microprocessor Cards
Has an integrated circuit chip
Has the ability to:
Store information
Carry out local processing
Perform Complex Calculations
Logo
Hologram
Magnetic Stripe
Chip
Embossing
(Card Number / Name / Validity,
Card Elements
Working Structure
Central Processing Unit: Heart of the Chip
All the processing of data preforms in here.
Working Structure
security logic: detecting abnormal conditions
e.g. low voltage
Working Structure
serial i/o interface: contact to the outside world
Working Structure
ROM:
Storing fixed programs
typically 16 bytes
future 32/64 bytes
Working Structure
RAM:
‘Buffer memory’ of the processor
typically 512 byts
future 1K byte
RAM
Working Structure
EEPROM:
cryptographic keys
PIN code
typically 8 bytes
future 32 bytes
Working Structure
Databus:
connection between elements of the chip
8 or 16 bits wide
Databus
Based on chip:
Memory cards
Microprocessor cards
Classification of smart cards:
Based on contact:
Contact cards
Contactless cards
combi cards
Contact Smart Cards
Requires insertion into a smart card reader with a direct connection
This physical contact allows for transmission of commands, data, and card status to take place
Contact
Electrical signals description
: Clocking or timing signal (optional use by the
card).
GND : Ground (reference voltage).
VPP : Programming voltage input (deprecated / optional use by the card).
I/O : Input or Output for serial data to the integrated circuit inside the card.
VCC : Power supply input
: reset signal supplied from the interface device
CLK
RST
Microprocessor Cards Contactless Smart Card
Microprocessor Cards Combi / Hybrid Cards
Smart Card Readers
Computer based readers
Connect through USB or COM (Serial) ports
Dedicated terminals
Usually with a small screen, keypad, printer, often also have biometric devices such as thumb print scanner.
Why Smart Cards ?
Security: Data and codes on the card are encrypted by the chip maker.
Trust: Minimal human interaction.
Portability.
Less Paper work: Eco-Friendly
How are Smart Cards Used?
Government programs
Banking & Finance
Mobile Communication
Transportation
Electronic Tolls
Passports
Electronic Cash
Information security
How are Smart Cards Used?
A student ID card, containing a variety of applications such as electronic purse (for vending machines, laundry machines, library card, and meal card).
Advantages
Life of a smart card is longer
A single smart card can house multiple applications. Just one card can be used as your license, passport, credit card, ATM card, ID Card, etc.
Smart cards cannot be easily replicated and are, as a general rule much more secure than magnetic stripe cards
Data on a smart card can be protected against unauthorized viewing. As a result of this confidential data, PINs and passwords can be stored on a smart card. This means, merchants do not have to go online every time to authenticate a transaction.
Disadvantages
Can be lost/stolen
Has to use the same reader technology
Can be expensive
Still working on bugs